语言学概论 知到智慧树答案2024 z27099

第一章 单元测试

1、 A scientific study of language is based on what the linguist thinks. （ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

2、 Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive. （ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

3、 Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar. （ ）

A:错
B:对
答案: 对

4、 Modern linguistics regards the written language as primary, not the spoken language. （ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

5、 Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language. （ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

6、 In the study of linguistics, hypotheses formed should be based on language facts and checked against the observed facts. （ ）

A:错
B:对
答案: 对

7、 If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be _. （ ）

A:descriptive
B:analytic
C:linguistic
D:prescriptive
答案: descriptive

8、 Which of the following is not a design feature of human language? （ )

A:Displacement
B:Meaningfulness
C:Arbitrariness
D:Duality
答案: Meaningfulness

9、 A historical study of language is a _ study of language. ( )

A:Comparative
B:prescriptive
C:diachronic
D:synchronic
答案: diachronic

10、 The details of any language system are passed on from one generation to the next through _, rather than by instinct. ( )

A:learning
B:teaching
C:books
D:both A and B
答案: both A and B

第二章 单元测试

1、 According to the manner of articulation, some of the types into which the consonants can be classified are stops, fricatives, bilabial and alveolar. （ ）

A:错
B:对
答案: 错

2、 Any sound produced by a human being is a phoneme. （ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

3、 Not all the back vowels are rounded vowels. （ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

4、 The rules governing the phonological patterning are language specific. （ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

5、 When two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segment which occurs in the same place in the strings, the two words are said to form a phonemic contrast. （ ）

A:错
B:对
答案: 错

6、 Of all the speech organs, the _ is/are the most flexible. （ ）

A:lips
B:mouth
C:vocal cords
D:tongue
答案: tongue

7、 The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are ____ sounds. ( )

A:voiceless
B:voiced
C:consonantal
D:vowel
答案: voiceless

8、 __ is a voiced alveolar stop. ( )

A:/b/
B:/z/
C:/d/
D:/k/
答案: /d/

9、 Since /p/ and /b/ are phonetically similar, occur in the same environments and they can distinguish meaning, they are said to be _____. ( )

A:in phonemic contrast
B:in complementary distribution
C:the allophones
D:minimal pair
答案: in phonemic contrast

10、 A(n) _____ is a unit that is of distinctive value. It is an abstract unit, a collection of distinctive phonetic features. ( )

A:allophone
B:phone
C:phoneme
D:sound
答案: phoneme

第三章 单元测试

1、 Words are the smallest meaningful units of language. （ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

2、 Inflectional morphemes manifest various grammatical relations or grammatical categories such as number, tense, degree, and case. （ ）

A:错
B:对
答案: 对

3、 There are three morphemes in the word “reactivate”. （ ）

A:错
B:对
答案: 错

4、 Few words can be added to closed class words. （ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

5、 Just as a phoneme is the basic unit in the study of phonology, so is a morpheme the basic unit in the study of morphology. （ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

6、 The word ______ is not a compound. ( )

A:moonwalk
B:raincoat
C:sunflower
D:friendship
答案: friendship

7、 ___ are often thought to be the smallest meaningful units of language by the linguists. ( )

A:Phonemes
B:Sentences
C:Morphemes
D:Words
答案: Morphemes

8、 ___ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed. ( )

A:Grammar
B:Syntax
C:Morpheme
D:Morphology
答案: Morphology

9、 “-s” in the word “books” is _. ( )

A:a derivative affix
B:a root
C:an inflectional affix
D:a stem
答案: an inflectional affix

10、 _ are those that can be used independently and they are words by themselves. ( )

A:Bound morphemes
B:Bound words
C:Words
D:Free morphemes
答案: Free morphemes

第四章 单元测试

1、 A verb phrase must contain a verb, but other elements are optional. （ ）

A:错
B:对
答案: 对

2、 Wh- movement regulates the movement of a wh- phrase to C under CP. （ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

3、 Modifiers always follow the head. （ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

4、 Three criteria are usually employed to determine a word’s category. They are meaning, derivation and distribution.（ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

5、 Minor lexical categories are open because these categories are not fixed and new members are allowed for. （ ）

A:错
B:对
答案: 错

6、 The syntactic rules of any language are ____ in number. ( )

A:finite
B:infinite
C:small
D:large
答案: finite

7、 Which of the following lexical categories does not belong to the major lexical categories? ( )

A:Noun
B:Adjective
C:Preposition
D:Adverb
答案: Adverb

8、 Which of the following properties does not belong to coordination? ( )

A:A category at any level can be coordinated.
B:There is no limit on the number of coordinate categories that can appear prior to
the conjunction.
C:Coordinated categories must be of the same type.
D:The category type of the coordinate phrase is determined by the head.
答案: The category type of the coordinate phrase is determined by the head.

9、 The head of the phrase “very strict with students” is__. ( )

A:very
B:with
C:strict
D:students
答案: strict

10、 The sentence “They were wanted to remain quiet and not to expose themselves.”
is a __sentence. ( )

A:coordinate
B:complex
C:compound
D:simple
答案: simple

第五章 单元测试

1、 Linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different situations. （ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

2、 Contextualism is based on the presumption that one can derive meaning from or reduce meaning to observable contexts. （ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

3、 “It is raining.” is a one-place predication because it contains one argument. （ ）

A:错
B:对
答案: 错

4、 Behaviourists attempted to define the meaning of a language form as the situation in which the speaker utters it and the response it calls forth in the hearer. （ ）

A:错
B:对
答案: 对

5、 The meaning of a sentence is the sum total of the meanings of all its components. （ ）

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

6、 The grammaticality of a sentence is governed by _. ( )

A:grammatical rules
B:semantic rules
C:selectional restrictions
D:semantic features
答案: grammatical rules

7、 7 Words that are opposite in meaning are called __. ( )

A:hyponyms
B:polysemy
C:homonyms
D:antonyms
答案: antonyms

8、 “I lost my wallet”_ “I have a wallet.” ( )

A:is synonymous with
B:is inconsistent with
C:presupposes
D:entails
答案: presupposes

9、 Which of the following is not true? ( )

A:Sense is the collection of all the features of the linguistic form.
B:Sense is not the meaning complied in dictionary.
C:Sense is abstract and decontextualized.
D:Sense is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form.
答案: Sense is not the meaning complied in dictionary.

10、 “Alive” and “dead” are __. ( )

A:complementary antonyms
B:gradable antonyms
C:relational opposites
D:None of the above
答案: complementary antonyms

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