英语语言学 知到智慧树答案2024 z15997

第一章 单元测试

1、
To put it in a simple way, linguistics studies ________, meaning of linguistic units, and the use and interpretation of a sentence in different contexts.

A:sentence structure
B:properties of speech sounds
C:combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit
D:word formation
答案: sentence structure;properties of speech sounds;combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit;word formation

2、
To have a scientific language study, we must pursue brevity in analyzing the data and in stating our findings, which can be summarized as the standard of ________.

A:consistency
B:exhaustiveness
C:objectivity
D:economy
答案: economy

3、
 Parole refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

4、
The reason for Frenchmen to use cheval and for English to use horse to refer to the same animal is inexplicable.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

5、
Of speech and writing, modern linguistics regards writing as the primary medium of communication.

A:错
B:对
答案: 错

6、
According to Chomsky, competence is the actual realization of the performance in linguistic communication. 

A:错
B:对
答案: 错

7、
Which of the following disciplines are related to applied linguistics?

A:physics
B:education
C:psycholinguistics
D:geology
答案: education;psycholinguistics

8、
Unlike animal communication systems, human language is ________. 

A:under immediate stimulus control 
B:stimulated by some occurrence of communal interest 
C:stimulus free
D:stimulus bound 
答案: stimulus free

9、
________ has been widely accepted as the forefather of modern linguistics. 

A:Bloomfield
B:Chomsky
C:John Lyons
D:de Saussure
答案: de Saussure

10、
By saying language is arbitrary, we mean that there is no logical connection between meaning and ________. 

A:phoneme
B:word 
C:morpheme
D:sound 
答案: sound 

第二章 单元测试

1、
What kind of sounds can we make, when the vocal cords are vibrating?

A:Vowels
B:Voiced consonants
C:Glottal stop
D:Voiceless consonants
答案: Vowels;Voiced consonants

2、
Which one is different from the others according to manners of articulation? 

A:z
B:w
C:v 
D:f 
答案: w

3、
Which of the following CANNOT be considered as a minimal pair? 

A:but-cut
B:but-put 
C:but-bat 
D:but-bus 
答案: but-put 

4、
The sound /z/ can be described with “voiced, ________, alveolar”. 

A:palatal
B:affricate 
C:labiodental 
D:fricative 
答案: fricative 

5、
In English, if three consonants cluster together at the beginning of a word, the combination could be the following EXCEPT ________.

A:skw 
B:spl 
C:sks
D:spr  
E:stj 
答案: sks;stj 

6、
A phoneme in one language or one dialect may be an allophone in another language or dialect.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

7、
The speech sounds which are in complementary distribution are definitely allophones of the same phoneme.

A:错
B:对
答案: 错

8、
Broad Transcription is intended to symbolize all the possible speech sounds, including the minute shades. 

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

9、
The initial sound of “peak” is aspirated while the second sound of “speak” is unaspirated. They are allophones.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

10、
Phonetic similarity means that the allophones of a phoneme must bear some morphological resemblance.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

第三章 单元测试

1、
The italicized word in the sentence “They are better fed, better housed, and better clothed than ever before” is a good example of ________.

A:blending 
B:derivation
C:compounding
D:conversion 
答案: conversion 

2、
We can classify morphemes into ________.

A:derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes
B:adjective morphemes and numeral morphemes
C:lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes
D:bound morphemes and free morphemes
答案: derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes;lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes;bound morphemes and free morphemes

3、
________ of the four words are good examples of compounding.

A:blueprint 
B:mouthful
C:blackboard 
D: hotdog 
答案: blueprint ;blackboard ; hotdog 

4、
A(n) ________ is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language, not divisible or analyzable into smaller forms. 

A:word 
B:lexeme
C:allomorph 
D:morpheme 
答案: morpheme 

5、
The word children contains _________ morphemes 

A: 2
B: 3
C: 1
D: 4
答案:  2

6、
The italicized word in sentence ________, the italicized part DOESN’T involve conversion. 

A:His smile could not very well mask his anger.
B:The teacher told the students to be quiet. 
C: The book yellowed with age.
D:He walked carefully so as not to wet his shoes.
答案: The teacher told the students to be quiet. 

7、
Most prefixes can occur as independent words.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

8、
Such compounds as quick-frozen, far-fetched, fresh-baked, and long-awaited are  created by “a./ad. + v.-ed”.

A:错
B:对
答案: 对

9、
In American English, compounds are NOT usually written solid as soon as they have gained some permanent status.

A:错
B:对
答案: 错

10、
A compound can be formed by placing any lexical item in front of another.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

第四章 单元测试

1、
Syntax is the study of how words and phrases are properly formed out of elements of a language.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

2、
Many syntactic theories have developed in response to generative syntax.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

3、
In the course of its development, generative grammar gradually shifted its focus from language itself to the native speaker’s knowledge of language.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

4、
In the generative tradition, language is usually understood to refer to the all the language structures that native speakers can generate.

A:错
B:对
答案: 错

5、
According to Chomsky, I-language refers to a set of sentences a native speaker can use.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

6、
The sub-component which includes the rules governing word formation is called ________. 

A:pragmatics
B:phonology 
C:morphology
D:semantics 
答案: morphology

7、
________ is to syntax what phoneme to phonology and morpheme to morphology. 

A:Sentence 
B:Meaning
C:Utterance 
D:Syntactic category 
答案: Syntactic category 

8、
Among the following categories, ________ are word categories.

A:VP 
B:P
C:Adj.
D:NP 
答案: P;Adj.

9、
In the category of CP, letter C stands for ____________. 

A:curriculum 
B:complement 
C:complementizer
D:capital 
答案: complementizer

10、
Adverbs in English can be divided into ________.

A:big adverbs 
B:sentence-adverbs
C:manner adverbs
D:small adverbs 
答案: sentence-adverbs;manner adverbs

第五章 单元测试

1、
The approach to semantic study that is more concerned with the relationship between linguistic expressions and the phenomena in the world to which they refer may be called ________.

A:Cognitive Semantics
B:Logical Semantics 
C:Formal Semantics 
D:Linguistic Semantics 
答案: Logical Semantics 

2、
The Contextualist View of meaning is based on the presumption that one can derive meaning from observable contexts.

A:错
B:对
答案: 对

3、
Meaning can be studied as ________.

A:contexts  
B:concepts 
C:naming 
D:behavior
答案: contexts  ;concepts ;naming ;behavior

4、
Predication analysis is to break down predications into their constituents: ________ and ________.

A:head 
B:argument 
C:predicate 
D:complement
答案: argument ;predicate 

5、
The predication of the sentence “Jack is happy” is said to consist of Jack, the _________, and happy, the predicate. 

A:predication 
B:subject
C:argument 
D:predicate 
答案: argument 

6、
The sense relations between words can be analyzed in terms of truth conditions.

A:错
B:对
答案: 错

7、
As for gradable antonyms, the denial of one is the assertion of the other.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

8、
A pair of complementary antonyms is characterized by the feature that the denial of one member implies the assertion of the other.

A:错
B:对
答案: 对

9、
The concept of REFERENCE can be regarded as a connection between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.

A:错
B:对
答案: 对

10、
According to the classic semantic triangle suggested by Ogden and Richards, the meaning of a word is the concept connecting the word with the real thing in the world. This concept is called Reference or Thought.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

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